Current Issue : July - September Volume : 2018 Issue Number : 3 Articles : 5 Articles
The exact cause of breast cancer is unknown; it is a multifactorial disease. It is the most diagnosed and the second killer cancer\namong women. Breast cancer can be originated from tissues of breast or secondary from other organs via metastasis. Generally,\ncancer cells show aberrant metabolism and oxidative stress when compared to noncancerous tissues of breast cancer patients.\nThe current study aims at evaluating glutamate and glucose metabolism through GDH and LDH enzyme activities, oxidant, and\nantioxidative status among breast cancer patients attending referral hospitals of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Result. Catalytic\nactivities of glutamate dehydrogenase, lactate dehydrogenase, and oxidative stress index were significantly increased in both\nserum (4.2 mU/ml, 78.6 mU/ml, and 3.3 : 1, resp.) and cancerous tissues (1.4 mU/ml, 111.7 mU/ml, and 2.15 : 1, resp.) of breast\ncancer patients as compared to those in serum of control group (3.15 mU/ml, 30.4 mU/ml, and 2.05 : 1, resp.) and noncancerous\ntissues of breast cancer patients (0.92 mU/ml, 70.5 mU/ml, and 1.1 : 1, resp.) (P � 0 05). Correspondingly, ratios of reduced\nto oxidized glutathione were significantly decreased in both serum (20 : 1) and cancerous tissues (23.5 : 1) of breast cancer\npatients when compared to those in serum of control group (104.5 : 1) and noncancerous tissues of breast cancer patients\n(70.9 : 1) (P � 0 05). Conclusion. Catalytic activities of GDH and LDH, ratios of GSH to GSSG, and concentration of TOS\namong breast cancer patients were significantly higher than were those among control group and noncancerous tissues of\nbreast cancer patients, while TAC of breast cancer patients is significantly lower than that of control group and normal\ntissues of breast cancer patients....
Stereotactic ablative body radiotherapy (SABR) has a role as definitive therapy in many tumor sites; however, its role in the treatment\nof breast cancer is less well explored. Currently, SABR has been investigated in the neoadjuvant and adjuvant setting with a number\nof ongoing feasibility studies.However, its use comes with a number of radiobiological and technical challenges that require further\nevaluation. We have learned much from other extracranial disease sites such as lung, brain, and spine, where definitive treatment\nwith SABR has shown encouraging outcomes. In women with breast cancer, SABR may eliminate the need for invasive surgery,\nreducing healthcare costs and hospital stays and providing an additional curative option for early-stage disease. This poses the\nfollowing question: is there a role for SABR as a definitive therapy in breast cancer?...
The Institute of Medicine has recommended that improvements are needed in\npatient-centered care. This study examined hematological cancer patients� perceptions of which\naspects of cancer care were being delivered well and areas that required improvement, and\nwhether patient characteristics, or the treatment center they attended, were associated with quality\nof patient-centered care. Participants were recruited via three Australian hematological cancer\ntreatment centers and completed a paper-and-pen survey assessing sociodemographic, disease, and\npsychological and treatment characteristics at recruitment. A second survey that contained the Quality\nof Patient-Centered Cancer Care measure was completed one month after recruitment (n = 215). The\nmost frequently delivered feature of patient-centered cancer care was hospital staff showing respect\nfor patients (91.0%). The area of care reported most commonly as not being delivered was hospital\nstaff helping the patient find other cancer patients to talk to (29.8%). Patients without depression\nreported higher perceived quality of treatment decision-making, co-ordinated and integrated care,\nemotional support, follow-up care, respectful communication, and cancer information than patients\nwith depression. The treatment center that was attended was associated only with the quality of\ncancer information patients received. Privacy issues may hinder staff connecting patients directly but\nthis could be overcome via referrals to cancer organizations that offer peer support services....
Introduction. No effective treatment has been developed for bone-metastatic breast cancer.We found 3 cases with clinical complete\nresponse (cCR) of the bone metastasis and longer overall survival of the retrospectively examined cohort treated comprehensively\nincluding autologous formalin-fixed tumor vaccine (AFTV). Patients and Methods. AFTV was prepared individually for each\npatient from their own formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded breast cancer tissues. Results. Three patients maintained cCR status\nof the bone metastasis for 17 months or more. Rate of cCR for 1 year or more appeared to be 15% (3/20) after comprehensive\ntreatments including AFTV. The median overall survival time (60.0 months) and the 3- to 8-year survival rates after diagnosis of\nbone metastasis were greater than those of historical control cohorts in Japan (1988ââ?¬â??2002) and in the nationwide population-based\ncohort study of Denmark (1999ââ?¬â??2007). Conclusion. Bone-metastatic breast cancer may be curable after comprehensive treatments\nincluding AFTV, although larger scale clinical trial is required....
Background. Reproductive system cancer is an important cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide which threatens women�s\nhealth and lives. Breast, cervical, and ovarian cancer have the higher incidence and mortality among a series of gynecology\nmalignant tumor. We aimed to compare and assess the temporal trends of common female malignances on breast, cervical, and\novarian cancer mortality in developed regions of Asia including Japan, Republic of Korea, and Singapore and analyze the detached\neffects of chronological age, time period, and birth cohort by age-period-cohort (APC) analysis. Methods. The mortality data for\nthese three cancers were collected from the WHO Mortality Database in Japan, Republic of Korea, and Singapore from 1954 to\n2013, from 1989 to 2013, and from 1964 to 2013, respectively.We fitted an age-period-cohort model and intrinsic estimator method\nto estimate the independent effect of each age, time period, and birth cohort on cancer mortality and describe the secular changes\nin three Asian countries. Results. For the overall trends of breast cancer, the ASMRs of breast cancer showed a general increasing\ntrend among three countries during the study periods while the change pattern in Singapore was different from the rest of the\ntwo countries for cervical and ovarian cancer. By APC analysis, the three cancer mortality risks generally increased with age and\ndecreased with birth cohort. For period effects of breast and ovarian cancer, increasing effects with time were observed; however, for\nperiod effects of cervical cancer, converse change pattern was presented among three countries. Conclusions. Our study shows that\nthe ASMRs of breast, cervical, and ovarian cancer remain high in Singapore compared to Japan and Korea. Generally speaking,\nthe mortality risk of three cancers increased with age, and period and cohort effects may collectively affect the common female\nmalignances mortality for East Asian women....
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